Listen to pianists and guitarists on jazz recordings and find your own favorite back cycling tricks. An introduction to chord substitutions for piano players. So todays lesson is all about common jazz chord substitutions. Modern chord voicings and chord substitutions use pluralities built on the chord s 3rd. Everything you ever wanted to know but were afraid to ask guitar method by tom kolb states the rules for diatonic substitution lie in a system of three groups called chord familiesbased on i, iv and v chords of the major scale 88. In music theory, chord substitution is the advanced technique of using a chord in the place of another, often related, chord in a chord progression. This strategy summarizes itself in a replacement of a chord for another one with the same harmonic function of it. This chord substitution for major chords works great for creating pop or contemporary. Basic guitar chords, keys, and scales december 30th, 2004 1 the key of c this is the first section of what i hope will be a series of useful articles, designed to help the. Figure 63 shows a iivi progression in the key of c, immediately followed by the same progression, with a db7 chord substituting for g7, a tritone substitution. A substitution is just replacing one thing with another thing.
Now we will consider another resource of reharmonization. The chord subsitution chart is charted for the keys of c, g, d, a, and f and. May 15, 2017 explanation of the tritone jazz chord substitution that adds so much colour to the sound by way of musical examples charlie parker, clifford brown. In general, you can make whats called a tritone substitution on any dominant chord i. However, much experimentation and listening will be required to effectively utilize this concept and some general guidelines should help. Many chord substitutions are available suspended, diminished 7 th, etc. Chord substitution reharmonization simplifying theory. You have learned the first foundational tool needed for adding chord substitutions. Much of the european classical repertoire and the vast majority of blues, jazz and rock music songs are based on chord progressions. When a i chord is leading into a iv chordadd a minor 7th to the i chord. Now, i dont want to go too much into the theory behind this. Once again, the other chord substitutions are yours to discover.
Jun 16, 2017 so todays lesson is all about common jazz chord substitutions. The chords in the windows to the right of the original chord represent frequently used substitutions. Cat, chord progression, chord substitutions, plagal cadence, perfect cadence, jazz, harmonization. Iiv substitution by cycles of hybrid chords g7 c7 7 d7 g7 c7 ab7db7gb7b7 c7 eb7ab7d7db7c7 60 iiv substitution by cycles of hybrid chords different quality d7 g7 c7 d7 g7 c7 bb7ab7d7db7c7 eb7eb7ab7co. Flatfive substitution tritone another kind of chord substitution which is often used in pop and jazz music is know as flatfive substitution. For any major chord, substitute a major 2 chord to get a contemporary pop sound. This substitution is made by replacing a dominant chord with a new dominant chord whose root is a diminished fifth interval above the original chordos root.
Chord substitutions chord music music theory scribd. For you theory buffs, i left out the diminished symbol for the vii chord. A future issue will address more advanced scale options such as crossreferenced scales, use of parent scales, and synthetic scales along with. Chord substitutions survival guide pdf includes tab. You can build your jazz theory or jazz harmony vocabulary like your solo vocabulary. This means that the root is omitted, but both essential tones, the 3 and 7, are present in the chord. We explore some of the many different options available to you when for passing chords to common progressions. How to substitute chords from the same harmonic function. Substituting chromatic chords within the iii vi ii v i progression for the sake of variety, coloration and creativity, composers or even players substitute chromatic chords chords that have one or more notes not in the key signature of the song. Jan, 2017 so heres a simple but quite useful theory tip for you to use today.
It could be replaced under the right conditions with an e7b5. Tritone substitutions are also knows as substitute dominants or sub 5s so be aware that these 3 terms refer to the same thing. Tritone chord substitution introduction 101 youtube. Its important to note that the five chord substitutions are taken in the context of a chord progression and not individual chords themselves. This type of substitution is the classical neapolitan sixth for dummies. I recommend you go check out that post on primary chords as a primer to this lesson. Omitting the chord root gives the music a less predictable and contemporary quality. Mark watkins received his degrees from brigham young university and indiana university and has studied with eugene rousseau, daniel deffayet, ray smith, and yushi ishiwata and jazz with david baker. While there are many possible substitutions in the context of chord progressions, we will go over five important ones you need to know. The minor 7th note is located a 7th above the root bottom note of the chord.
The most common passing chord is a dominant chord a half step above the target chord. You can get the pdf and the guitarpro files for these examples through my patreon page here. Chord substitutions secrets to chord substitutions. If you were to eat vanilla ice cream every day for a year, not only would you gain weight and considerably so you would also quickly tire of the flavor. Im going to teach you a process called chord substitution, or modal mixture. For example, in the key of c major, the iii chord is an e7. Chord substitution is to replace a chord by another one to add more. Coltrane changes coltrane matrix or cycle, also known as chromatic third relations and multitonic changes are a harmonic progression variation using substitute chords over common jazz chord progressions. E c major 7 with an e in the bass, known as a slash chord and the c6. In the jazz standard lessons in this course, we apply all of the theory topics in context of actual tunes. In music theory, chord substitution is the technique of using a chord in place of another in a progression of chords, or a chord progression. In theory, any extension in one of the three families above may replace its parent chord like a.
Pdf in this article we briefly introduce an original method, the. Functional means that a dominant chord is substituting for a dominant chord and is still functioning in the same way the original chords did. Joe pass played chords differently from barney kessel. One of those is replacing vi with a diminished 7 chord. The following chord substitutions work in a variety of. May 12, 2014 in music theory, chord substitution is the advanced technique of using a chord in the place of another, often related, chord in a chord progression. While the vi chord in major keys is also a minor 7th chord, it is not subjected to this substitution. In this video i am going to take a i vi ii v and go over 30 different ways of playing this progression. The following chord substitutions work in a variety of musical situations and will not clash with what the other musicians are playing. Chord substitution jazz piano course how to reharmonise chords.
Substituting chromatic chords within the iii vi ii v i. Tritone substitution tutorial what is tritone substitution. How to substitute a dominant 7 for a diminished 7 learn. Music theory 105 modes, modality, and chord substitutions.
A more conspicuous chord substitution is where a v7 chord in a ii v i is. Tritone substitution is a reharmonisation technique that can be used to add harmonic interest and variety to a chord progression. Substituting chords by karen daniels simply put, chord substitution is the use of one chord in place of another chord and using them is one way to give your music interest and a change in sound. The most common type of substitute chord is tritone substitution.
Simply put, chord substitution is the use of one chord in place of another chord and using them is one way to give your music interest and a change in sound. However, this isnt necessarily a black and white thing as youll see throughout this lesson. Nonfunctional or contextual substitution involves superimposing chords that have their own logic that is independent of the original chords and doesnt necessarily relate to the original chords. However, much experimentation and listening will be required to effectively. There are some specific and even complicated rules for substitution, but the final arbiter of a successful chord substitution is how it sounds. Using diminished ideas over dominant chords can be a refreshing approach when used in the proper context. A great way to write better chord progressions is to check out reharmonization techniques and chord substitution. Jazz chord substitution theory and applications we all get bored of the same thing if we have too much of it.
One of my favorite chord substitutions, based on a great guitar progression, is noted below. Chord substitutions sound scary, because we hear people talk about things like ah yes, the quintessential tritone substitution with the dominant seventh over a flat fifth blah blah blah. See the following explanation of the chords before viewing the free pdf sheet of this chord substitution. The upper case roman numeral indicates major chord, the lower case roman numeral indicates minor chord. Chord substitutions can be described as what i like to call new harmonies with the same function. Mu 0, scales and key signatures, and mu 3320, chord symbols.
The substitutions may have a quality and degree of function in common with the original chord, and often only differs by one or two notes, or they may be far more off the wall, flirting with other keys and modes temporarily, then with deft skill brought back to the home tonal centre. This lesson, however, will focus on substitution of minor and major chords. Heres an easy chord substitution for church pianists to use. In short, every key has primary chords built off the 1st, 4th, and 5th tones of the scale. In this article, well look at more conventional chord scale options listed according to chord types.
The material covered by the different topics is of varying levels of complexity and targets different audiences. Thats it for the theory side of tritone chord substitutions. The size of one single file was too large for download 2. Diatonic chord substitution theory and harmony lesson.
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